Chapter 3 of the available documentation states that all of the hardware-based I2C buses on the BCM2711 (RPi 4) operate under the control of the Broadcom Serial Controller, or BSC. The RPi hardware and firmware are closed-source, but relying on the documentation, a reasonable assumption is: "No - none of the hardware-based I2C channels are faster than the others."
Just to be clear, I use the phrase "hardware-based" to designate I2C buses sourced by the BSC, and to distinguish from the "software-based" I2C buses. I've not tried a "software-based" I2C bus, but I've read they are not able to operate at the same speeds as a "hardware-based" I2C.
Both hardware and software I2C buses may be configured as overlays in /boot/config.txt
. For details see your RPi's local filesystem at /boot/overlays/README
, or at The Foundation's GitHub site.
Finally, there is a similar question, and answers that may be of interest to you.